Developing self-modifying code model

This paper presents the technology of constructing and linearization of binary program utilized for program generation, analysis and transformation into a self-modifying code. An example model of the self-modifying software system and its experimental application in vehicle control have been presented in this paper. The module responsible for vehicle control comprising two subsystems has been created within the simulation software. The first subsystem has emerged through the classical software process developed by a human-programmer. The second subsystem has been created as a result of a separate piece of software substituting the part of a programmer in a software process part. The result of this approach is software creation in conjunction with natural and Artificial Intel- ligence in addition to experimental integration into the vehicle control system

Developing self-modifying code model

This paper presents the technology of constructing and linearization of binary program utilized for program generation, analysis and transformation into a self-modifying code. An example model of the self-modifying software system and its experimental application in vehicle control have been presented in this paper. The module responsible for vehicle control comprising two subsystems has been created within the simulation software. The first subsystem has emerged through the classical software process developed by a human-programmer. The second subsystem has been created as a result of a separate piece of software substituting the part of a programmer in a software process part. The result of this approach is software creation in conjunction with natural and Artificial Intel- ligence in addition to experimental integration into the vehicle control system

Modeliranje is za praćenje sastava i načina eksploatacije pneumatika u vazduhoplovstvu

U ovom radu dat je pristup modeliranju podataka informacionog sistema za detaljno praćenje sastava i načina eksploatacije pneumatika u vazduhoplovstvu. Imajući u vidu bezbednost putnika i robe, utvrđen je način eksploatacije i održavanja pneumatika, kao i njihovog skladištenja i eventualnog protektiranja. U skladu s tim, projektovan je IS sa sledećim segmentima: nabavka, skladištenje, korišćenje, održavanje i otpis pneumatika, kao i računarska podrška. Pristup rešavanju problema uvođenja automatizovanog informacionog sistema za eksploataciju pneumatika zasnovan je na: analizi osnovnih principa održavanja sa stanovišta opšte-mašinskih sistema i kompletne analize potrebnih koraka, prikazu mesta i uloge pneumatika u vazduhoplovnim sistemima, istorijskog razvoja pneumatika, zadacima pneumatika, konstrukcijskim karakteristikama i održavanje pneumatika, razmatranju dizajna informacionog sistema i modeliranja podataka, analizi sastava i načina eksploatacije aviona i pneumatika. Na osnovu takvog pristupa implementiran je i prikazan algoritam i softver za prikupljanje i obradu podataka o eksploataciji sa postupkom unošenja podataka i pregledima o stanju pneumatika. U tu svrhu projektovane su baze podataka i informacija. Takođe je pokazana automatizacija celog procesa preko legendi, saglasno unosu podataka i postojeće baze. Projektovani i postavljeni IS može se koristiti i za praćenje eksploatacionih karakteristika pneumatika vazduhoplova, čime se znatno doprinosi bezbednom prevozu putnika i roba i boljem upravljanju eksploatacijom pneumatika .This study offers an approach to modeling of information system data for detailed monitoring of structure and means of aircraft tires exploitation. Bearing in mind the safety of passengers and goods, the authors of this study determined the means of aircraft tires exploitation and maintenance, and also the system of their storage and reparation. In keeping with that, we modeled an information system with following segments> aircraft tires procurement, storage, exploitation and maintenance, including computer backup. The approach to the solution for the implementation of automatic information system for aircraft tires exploitation is based on: basic principles analysis from the standpoint of general mechanical engineering systems and complete analysis of necessary steps, description of the place and role of aircraft systems tires, historical development of tires, function of those tires, their structural characteristics and maintenance, analysis of information system design and data modeling, analysis of aircraft and tires constructional characteristics and means of their exploitation. Based on that approach, the authors of this study implemented and presented the algorithm and software for collecting and processing of data concerning the exploitation, including the process of data input and tire condition reports. For that purpose, there are data basis. Through wizards, the authors presented the automatisation of the entire process, according to the existing data base. This information system can be used in the process of tracking of functional characteristics of aircraft tires, thus contributing to the safety of passengers and goods and improved decision-making in the field of tire exploitation

Modeliranje is za praćenje sastava i načina eksploatacije pneumatika u vazduhoplovstvu

U ovom radu dat je pristup modeliranju podataka informacionog sistema za detaljno praćenje sastava i načina eksploatacije pneumatika u vazduhoplovstvu. Imajući u vidu bezbednost putnika i robe, utvrđen je način eksploatacije i održavanja pneumatika, kao i njihovog skladištenja i eventualnog protektiranja. U skladu s tim, projektovan je IS sa sledećim segmentima: nabavka, skladištenje, korišćenje, održavanje i otpis pneumatika, kao i računarska podrška. Pristup rešavanju problema uvođenja automatizovanog informacionog sistema za eksploataciju pneumatika zasnovan je na: analizi osnovnih principa održavanja sa stanovišta opšte-mašinskih sistema i kompletne analize potrebnih koraka, prikazu mesta i uloge pneumatika u vazduhoplovnim sistemima, istorijskog razvoja pneumatika, zadacima pneumatika, konstrukcijskim karakteristikama i održavanje pneumatika, razmatranju dizajna informacionog sistema i modeliranja podataka, analizi sastava i načina eksploatacije aviona i pneumatika. Na osnovu takvog pristupa implementiran je i prikazan algoritam i softver za prikupljanje i obradu podataka o eksploataciji sa postupkom unošenja podataka i pregledima o stanju pneumatika. U tu svrhu projektovane su baze podataka i informacija. Takođe je pokazana automatizacija celog procesa preko legendi, saglasno unosu podataka i postojeće baze. Projektovani i postavljeni IS može se koristiti i za praćenje eksploatacionih karakteristika pneumatika vazduhoplova, čime se znatno doprinosi bezbednom prevozu putnika i roba i boljem upravljanju eksploatacijom pneumatika .This study offers an approach to modeling of information system data for detailed monitoring of structure and means of aircraft tires exploitation. Bearing in mind the safety of passengers and goods, the authors of this study determined the means of aircraft tires exploitation and maintenance, and also the system of their storage and reparation. In keeping with that, we modeled an information system with following segments> aircraft tires procurement, storage, exploitation and maintenance, including computer backup. The approach to the solution for the implementation of automatic information system for aircraft tires exploitation is based on: basic principles analysis from the standpoint of general mechanical engineering systems and complete analysis of necessary steps, description of the place and role of aircraft systems tires, historical development of tires, function of those tires, their structural characteristics and maintenance, analysis of information system design and data modeling, analysis of aircraft and tires constructional characteristics and means of their exploitation. Based on that approach, the authors of this study implemented and presented the algorithm and software for collecting and processing of data concerning the exploitation, including the process of data input and tire condition reports. For that purpose, there are data basis. Through wizards, the authors presented the automatisation of the entire process, according to the existing data base. This information system can be used in the process of tracking of functional characteristics of aircraft tires, thus contributing to the safety of passengers and goods and improved decision-making in the field of tire exploitation

Determination of cornering stiffness through integration of a mathematical model and real vehicle exploitation parameters

U radu je prikazan prilaz identifikaciji otpora povođenju kao najznačajnijem parametru u sistemima upravljivosti i stabilnosti motornih vozila kroz integraciju empirijskih modela i parametara realne eksploatacije. Ovaj prilaz se zasniva na analizi matematičkog modela pneumatika, identifikaciji ključnih parametara iz realne eksploatacije i integraciji mehatronskog sistema za praćenje opterećenja pneumatika. Merenjem opterećenja pneumatika, i kasnijom integracijom izmerenih vrednosti u razvijeni softverski modul, obezbeđuje se precizno definisanje otpora povođenju na određenom kontaktu vozila i puta. Istraživanje podrazumeva integraciju matematičkog modela, mehaničkih, elektronskih i informacionih tehnologija u cilju obezbeđivanja sveobuhvatnog sagledavanja ponašanja pneumatika u pogledu definisanja otpora povođenju.This paper demonstrates the approach to determination of cornering stiffness as the most important parameter of motor vehicle steering and stability systems through integration of empirical models and real exploitation parameters. The approach is based on the analysis of a tire mathematical model, identification of key real exploitation parameters and integration of a mechatronic system for tire load monitoring. Measurement of tire load and subsequent integration of measured values into developed software module provide a precise definition of cornering stiffness for a certain vehicle and road contact patch. This research assumes integration of a mathematical model and mechanical, electronic and information technologies with the aim of comprehensive understanding of tire behavior in terms of cornering stiffness determination

Application of vehicle's can based network in transmission service load data acquisition

The implementation of various electronic subsystems in passenger cars and different kinds of on-road and off-road vehicles is constantly expanding. Accordingly the new vehicles, instead of being mechanical systems, become advanced mechatronic systems whose development and testing call for a new approach. Possibility of using data available on vehicles network seems to be extremely powerful tool on it. The paper deals with a new approach for service load data measurement and acquisition as a helpful tool in development and testing of vehicles. Based on complexity of the system and different communication protocols on the vehicles' networks it was found as extremely practical solution to make approach which will be based on standards which are widely accepted by the industry. The new approach is based on hardware and software platform oriented to the main vehicle controllers with the task to acquire data which exist on the network and which are relevant to the transmission service load. The said hardware as well as software utilities have to enable computer based monitoring of the vehicle systems behaviour and in that way to be the tool for new vehicles development. The new system was tested in real service. It was found that the system can enable significantly less time of vehicle instrumentation before testing and accurate data acquisition

The effects of gear shift indicator usage on fuel efficiency of a motor vehicle

The manner of gear shifting is one of the main factors affecting the fuel efficiency of motor vehicles. Potential savings resulted from optimized gear shifting led to introduction of gear shift indicators in passenger vehicles as an obligation from year 2012. The effects of gear shift indicators usage are still not studied enough. That was the motive for the authors to conduct the experiments to justiji their usage, both from the economic and ecological standpoint. The presented results come from the tests conducted on FIAT 500L vehicle to determine the fuel consumption using the new European driving cycle, but for three different gear shift patterns:- (1) as defined in UNECE Regulation No, 83,(2) as indicated by vehicle's gear shift indicator, and (3) based on the average vehicle speed values collected from gear shift indicators of 35 passenger vehicles of different makes, types, and characteristics. Maximum difference in fuel consumption recorded in tests done using three different gear shift patterns is 18.7%

Quadcopter altitude estimation using low-cost barometric, infrared, ultrasonic and LIDAR sensors

Cilj ovog istraživanja je procena različitih low-cost senzora za merenje visine leta bespilotne letelice sa više rotora na malim visinama. Primenjene su metode filtriranja podataka i druge metode u cilju optimizacije performansi i tačnosti merenja senzora. Izvšrena su merenja visine leta, a podaci su uskladišteni za kasniju analizu u odnosu na stvarnu visinu leta. Izračunati su stepeni korelacije i srednja kvadratna greška u merenju senzora sa ciljem procene rada senzora. Na osnovu rezultata istraživanja moguće je odrediti izbor adekvatnog senzora za ovu specifičnu primenu. Ovo istraživanje je pokazalo da je u uslovima ovog eksperimenta najbolje rezultate imao lidar senzor Garmin LIDAR-Lite V3HP i senzor Bosch Sensortech BME280 sa mogućnošću istovremenog merenja vlažnosti vazduha, atmosferskog pritiska i temperature.The goal of this research is to assess the different low-cost sensors for flight altitude measuring of a multirotor UAV at low altitude flight. For optimizing the sensor performances and accuracy, data filtering and other methods were applied. The flight altitude data were collected and stored for later analysis with reference to the true altitude. The correlation coefficient and the mean squared error were calculated in order to assess the sensors' performance. On the basis of the results of the study, it was possible to determine the choice of the adequate sensor for this specific use. The study showed that the best characteristics for this experiment conditions had the Garmin LIDAR-Lite V3HP sensor and the Bosch Sensortech BME280 that combined air humidity, atmospheric pressure, and air temperature sensor

Initial development of the hybrid semielliptical-dolphin airfoil

Iosif Taposu has formulated a mathematical model and generated a family of air-foils whose geometry resembles the dolphin shape. These airfoils are characterized by a sharp leading edge and experiments have proven that they can achieve better aerodynamic characteristics at very high angles of attack than certain classical airfoils, with the nose geometry inclined downwards. On the other hand, they have not been applied to any commercial general aviation aircraft. The authors of this paper have been motivated to compare the aerodynamic characteristics of widely used NACA 2415 airfoil with Taposu???s Dolphin that would have the same princi-pal geometric characteristics. A CFD calculation model has been established and applied on NACA 2415. The results were compared with NACA experiments and very good agreements have been achieved in the major domains of lift and polar curves. The same CFD model has been applied on the counterpart Dolphin 2415. Results have shown that the Dolphin has a slightly higher lift/drag ratio in the lift coefficient domain 0.1-0.35 than NACA. On the other hand, at higher and lower lift coefficients, its aerodynamic characteristics were drastically below those of the NACA section, due to the unfavorable influence of the Dolphin???s sharp nose. A series of the Dolphin???s leading edge modifications has been investigated, gradually improving its aerodynamics. Finally, version M4, consisting of about 70% of Dol-phin???s original rear domain and 30% of the new nose shape, managed to exceed the NACA???s characteristics, thus paving the way to investigate the Dolphin hybrids that could be suitable for the general aviation industry

Advanced structural testing methods for small wind turbines blade up to failure

Ovaj rad prezentuje statičko testiranje strukture kompozitne lopatice W55RBVS vetrogeneratora snage do6kW. Testiranje je bazirano na statičkom testiranju strukture do trenutka loma lopatice. Glavni cilj testiranja je definisanje krutosti lopaticeW55RBVS, određivanje maksimalne sile koja dovodi do loma kao i relativni razmah loma lopatice. Kompozitne lopatice W55RBVS, proizvedene u firmi WING.d.o.o., a ugrađuju se na dvokraki vetrogenerator Eoltec Scirocco. Ovaj test je definisan standardom IEC 61400-2. Ispitivanje lopatica je izvršeno u Laboratoriji za aerotehniku Mašinskog fakulteta Univerziteta u Beogradu. Test opterećenja se izvodi do momenta loma lopatice.Rezultat testiranja će biti iskorišćen za redizajniranje lopatice W55RBVS.This work demonstrates static testing of a composite blade W55RBVS structure for the wind turbines of up to 6kW power. The testing consists of the static testing of the structure up to the moment of the blade failure. The main purpose of the testing is to define and directly verify the rigidity of the blade W55RBVS,to determine the maximum force which leads to failure and the relative span of the blade failure. W55RBVS composite blades, manufactured by the company WING. doo and are installed on a two-blades wind turbine Eoltec Scirocco. This test is defined in the standard IEC 61400-2 /8/. Blade testing is performed in the Aerotechnics Laboratory of the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Belgrade University. The load test is performed up to the moment of the blade failure. The result of the testing will be used in order to improve the design of the blade W55RBVS